Diuretics

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Diuretics (often called water pills) are drugs that cause the body to rid itself of excess fluids and sodium through urination. Excess fluid in the body can lead to high blood pressure. This helps to relieve the heart’s workload and also decreases the buildup of fluid in the lungs and other parts of the body, such as the ankles and …

Calcium Channel Blockers

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Calcium Channel Blockers are drugs that block the movement of calcium into heart and blood vessel muscle cells, which can decrease the pumping strength of the heart and relax blood vessels. This causes the muscles to relax, lowering blood pressure, slowing the heart rate and decreasing oxygen demands of the heart. They are used to treat high blood pressure and …

Beta Blockers

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Beta Blockers are drugs that slow the heart rate, decrease cardiac output, lessen the force with which the heart muscle contracts and reduce blood vessel contraction. They do this by blocking beta-adrenergic receptors in various parts of the body. This prevents adrenaline (epinephrine) from stimulating these receptors. They may be used to treat abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) and prevent abnormally …

Cyanosis

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Cyanosis is a blue coloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to the presence of greater than, or equal to, 2.5 g/dL of deoxygenated hemoglobin in blood vessels near the skin surface. A cyanotic baby. Note purple nailbeds. Cyanosis in the newborn is defined as an arterial saturation less than 90% and a PO2 less than 60 MMHg. A …

Coarctation

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1. Pre-ductal Coarctation The stenosis is proximal to the inlet of the ductus arteriosus and the lower half of the body receives only venous blood from the pulmonary circulation system. If the duct closes off, life-threatening LV failure may occur. . Preductal aortic isthmus stenosis; Ductus arteriosus. 2. Post-ductal Coarctation Postductal coarctation; Ductus arteriosus; Internal thoracic artery. Postductal Coarctation is …

Spaghetti with Walnuts Gorgonzola and Sun-Dried Tomatoes

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Spaghetti with Walnuts, Gorgonzola and Sun-Dried Tomatoes: Ingredients 1/2 cup(s) sun-dried tomatoes packed in extra-virgin olive oil, drained 2 clove(s) garlic, thinly sliced crosswise 1 pound(s) whole-wheat spaghetti 1 cup(s) walnut pieces, finely chopped 6 ounce(s) Gorgonzola dolce, cut into small pieces, at room temperature 1/3 cup(s) flat-leaf parsley, chopped 1/2 teaspoon(s) freshly-ground pepper, shredded  Directions Bring a large pot …

Spaghetti With Walnuts and Anchovies

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Spaghetti With Walnuts and Anchovies, Nori seaweed or bacon The dish is traditionally part of a meatless Christmas Eve dinner. If you can find freshly harvested walnuts, they’ll make this pasta even better: 1/2 cup shelled walnuts (2 ounces) 1/4 cup extra virgin olive oil 3 garlic cloves, minced 4 anchovy fillets, coarsely chopped 3/4 pound spaghetti 1/4 cup minced …

Black Bean Burgers

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Spicy Black Bean Burgers serves 4 Ingredients 4 slices stale bread 2 T olive oil 1½ cups chopped onions 4 garlic cloves, minced 1 T fresh ginger, minced ½ t allspice ½ t nutmeg 1½ cups cooked black beans- fresh or canned 1½ cups cooked rice ½ habanero pepper or 1 jalapeno pepper, chopped Salt and fresh cracked pepper to …

Aortic Arch Development

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Aortic arch vessels develop from the 5th through 7th week: And another view: From: 1) Cardiovascular Embryology, http://www.indiana.edu/~anat550/cvanim/index.html 2) Development of the arteries, http://www.embryology.ch/anglais/pcardio/popupcardio/video/aortenvideo.html

Aorta PA Development

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Development of the Aorta and Pulmonary Artery: (From Cardiovascular Embryology, http://www.indiana.edu/~anat550/cvanim/index.html) Heart Tube Development Animation of the fusion of two endocardial tubes into a single primitive heart tube: Read more Aortic Arch Development Aortic arch vessels develop from the 5th through 7th week: And another view: Read more Atrial Septal Development Embryology of the intra-atrial septum: Read more Aorta PA …