How does the heart-lung bypass machine cause blood clots?

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A: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a technique that temporarily takes over the function of the heart and lungs during surgery, maintaining the circulation of blood and the oxygen content of the body. In a small percentage of patients this causes complications that may include a stroke. This depends to a large extent on the patient’s condition, but also on the …

Why is heart disease in women different?

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When still in practice, a friend of mine, diabetic, hypertensive and a smoker developed chest pains walking in the cold and going upstairs.  When seen in the ER, the cardiologist disagreed with my diagnosis of angina and CAD. After pleading with him, he agreed (reluctantly) to go ahead and schedule a cardiac catherization. A while later he called me that, …

Why do doctors usually use the LDL/HDL ratio over the TG/HDL ratio in determining a person’s CAD risk?

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HDL/LDL Ratio When comparing “good cholesterol” (HDL) to “bad cholesterol” (LDL), there is a ratio that may be used. When using it, the goal is to keep the ratio of HDL/LDL above 0.3, with the ideal being above 0.4. HDL picks up extra cholesterol in the blood and returns it to the liver. LDL is the main transporter of cholesterol …